South Korea’s high-speed rail system is one of the most advanced in the world, operating under the Korea Train Express (KTX) brand. Since its launch in 2004, the country has developed several types of high-speed trains. The original KTX-I was based on French TGV technology and marked the beginning of high-speed travel between major cities like Seoul and Busan.
The KTX-I, also known as the first-generation KTX, was developed through a technology transfer agreement with the French company Alstom, manufacturer of the TGV. Capable of speeds up to 300 km/h, it was introduced as part of Korea’s ambitious Gyeongbu High-Speed Rail Project, linking Seoul with the southeastern regions. Its launch revolutionized domestic travel, cutting travel times dramatically and setting a new standard for public transportation in the country.
With a design directly influenced by the TGV Réseau, the KTX-I features power cars at both ends and articulated passenger cars between them. While its core systems were initially manufactured in France, Korea gradually localized production and maintenance expertise, laying the groundwork for future domestic models. The train not only improved connectivity but also played a symbolic role in Korea’s emergence as a modern, tech-forward nation.
To this day, the KTX-I remains in active service and continues to be a reliable component of Korea’s high-speed network, particularly on the Gyeongbu and Honam Lines. Its legacy is that of a trailblazer—bridging continents through technology and transforming how Koreans move across their country.
Ulsan Station, Samnam-myeon, Ulju-gun, Ulsan, South Korea
Photo Taken: April 27, 2025
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